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Conclusions
Space charge can accumulate in a magnetic dipole field, and discharges when it overcomes the insulator. This produces a periodic relaxation oscillator or discharge.
These discharges are at some fixed fraction of the injection energy. Simple theory (Whipple 77) argue for E|| component of Etotal or pitchangle of injection
At Earth, the RC-time constant is dynamic, depending on (injection rate - neutralization rate)
- ri a ECON * nplasma
- rn a ne & niono & 1/L
Notes: