Limitations of the Methods

• Ion Traps/Faraday cups: barely separate H from He

• E/Q: Can’t separate He++/C6+/O8+, dE/E~5%

• Mag: E<25 keV, heavy magnets,M/dM~10

• Lin. TOF:

  • E<2 keV/nuc (post acceleration sweet spot),
  • Energy straggle in C-foil limits M/dM~15

• Isochronous TOF

  • Resolution M/dM < ~100
  • Inherently low efficiency, dynamic range~200
  • Energy range is limited: 2keV/nuc --30keV