Signatures of Cusp Acceleration

• Gyroradius effects: r = (mE)1/2/qB. For a given topology, lighter masses will have higher cutoff energies.

• Energy increase is exponentially increasing function of time. (like Fermi)

• Scale size effects: the larger the cusp, and the larger B-field, the higher the cutoff E.

• Output spectra have power law tails (not bump-on-tail nor exponential maxwellians.)

• Given continuous input, output is also continuous.