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Incarnational
Many ancient attempts at science failed because they replaced nature, with a technique/law/filter of nature. This was the failure of Chinese medicine. This was the failure of Arabic alchemy. This was the failure of Greek astronomy. This is unavoidable. Kant says we can never know nature without a filter of some sort, thus we can never know. But this is idolatry. If God/Science is alive, it can never be captured by dead laws.
God solves this problem, by sending his Son. We can personally meet him. John 1. We have beheld his glory, the glory of the only begotten. Job 42. My ears had heard of you, but now my eyes have seen you.
What did this accomplish? It makes Truth accessible to our senses. (Yes, go and pout, Kant.) Science can progress because God made nature/truth/Christ accessible to our senses. But be careful! It is not a dead materialist thing we are examining, but a reality, a person, Christ himself. He is not a tame lion, as CS Lewis would say.
Thus the Christological controversies of Chalcedon (430AD), the Reformation emphasis on “priesthood of all believers” were all necessary precursors to science. God/nature/truth are accessible.